Describe the Path Food Travels Throughout the Digestive System.
On this folio:
- What is the digestive system?
- Why is digestion important?
- How does my digestive system work?
- How does food move through my GI tract?
- How does my digestive system break nutrient into pocket-size parts my torso can use?
- What happens to the digested food?
- How does my body control the digestive process?
- Clinical Trials
What is the digestive system?
The digestive organisation is made up of the alimentary canal—also called the GI tract or digestive tract—and the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. The GI tract is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the oral cavity to the anus. The hollow organs that brand upwards the GI tract are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. The liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are the solid organs of the digestive arrangement.
The modest intestine has three parts. The first part is called the duodenum. The jejunum is in the middle and the ileum is at the end. The large intestine includes the appendix, cecum, colon, and rectum. The appendix is a finger-shaped pouch fastened to the cecum. The cecum is the first part of the large intestine. The colon is next. The rectum is the cease of the large intestine.
Bacteria in your GI tract, besides chosen gut flora or microbiome, help with digestion. Parts of your nervous and circulatory systems also help. Working together, fretfulness, hormones, bacteria, blood, and the organs of your digestive organization digest the foods and liquids yous eat or drink each twenty-four hour period.
Why is digestion important?
Digestion is important because your body needs nutrients from nutrient and potable to work properly and stay salubrious. Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and water are nutrients. Your digestive system breaks nutrients into parts small plenty for your body to absorb and use for energy, growth, and jail cell repair.
- Proteins break into amino acids
- Fats break into fatty acids and glycerol
- Carbohydrates break into elementary sugars
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How does my digestive organization work?
Each function of your digestive system helps to motility food and liquid through your GI tract, break food and liquid into smaller parts, or both. In one case foods are broken into pocket-sized enough parts, your trunk can blot and move the nutrients to where they are needed. Your large intestine absorbs water, and the waste products of digestion become stool. Nerves and hormones help command the digestive procedure.
The digestive process
| Organ | Movement | Digestive Juices Added | Food Particles Broken Down |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oral fissure | Chewing | Saliva | Starches, a type of carbohydrate |
| Esophagus | Peristalsis | None | None |
| Stomach | Upper muscle in tum relaxes to permit food enter, and lower muscle mixes food with digestive juice | Stomach acid and digestive enzymes | Proteins |
| Small-scale intestine | Peristalsis | Pocket-size intestine digestive juice | Starches, proteins, and carbohydrates |
| Pancreas | None | Pancreatic juice | Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins |
| Liver | None | Bile | Fats |
| Large intestine | Peristalsis | None | Bacteria in the big intestine tin can also break downward food. |
How does food movement through my GI tract?
Nutrient moves through your GI tract by a process called peristalsis. The large, hollow organs of your GI tract contain a layer of muscle that enables their walls to motion. The movement pushes nutrient and liquid through your GI tract and mixes the contents within each organ. The musculus backside the food contracts and squeezes the food frontward, while the muscle in front end of the food relaxes to allow the nutrient to motility.
Mouth. Nutrient starts to move through your GI tract when you consume. When y'all swallow, your tongue pushes the food into your pharynx. A modest flap of tissue, chosen the epiglottis, folds over your windpipe to forbid choking and the food passes into your esophagus.
Esophagus. Once you brainstorm swallowing, the process becomes automatic. Your brain signals the muscles of the esophagus and peristalsis begins.
Lower esophageal sphincter. When food reaches the terminate of your esophagus, a ringlike muscle—called the lower esophageal sphincter —relaxes and lets food laissez passer into your tum. This sphincter commonly stays airtight to keep what's in your stomach from flowing back into your esophagus.
Stomach. After food enters your stomach, the stomach muscles mix the food and liquid with digestive juices. The stomach slowly empties its contents, called chyme, into your small intestine.
Modest intestine. The muscles of the small intestine mix nutrient with digestive juices from the pancreas, liver, and intestine, and push button the mixture forrad for further digestion. The walls of the small intestine absorb water and the digested nutrients into your bloodstream. As peristalsis continues, the waste matter products of the digestive process move into the large intestine.
Large intestine. Waste product products from the digestive process include undigested parts of nutrient, fluid, and older cells from the lining of your GI tract. The large intestine absorbs water and changes the waste from liquid into stool. Peristalsis helps move the stool into your rectum.
Rectum. The lower end of your large intestine, the rectum, stores stool until it pushes stool out of your anus during a bowel movement.
Watch this video to see how nutrient moves through your GI tract.
How does my digestive system intermission food into pocket-sized parts my torso tin employ?
Equally food moves through your GI tract, your digestive organs break the nutrient into smaller parts using:
- move, such equally chewing, squeezing, and mixing
- digestive juices, such as tum acid, bile, and enzymes
Mouth. The digestive process starts in your oral fissure when you chew. Your salivary glands make saliva, a digestive juice, which moistens food so it moves more than hands through your esophagus into your stomach. Saliva also has an enzyme that begins to pause down starches in your food.
Esophagus. Later on y'all swallow, peristalsis pushes the food downward your esophagus into your stomach.
Stomach. Glands in your breadbasket lining make tummy acrid and enzymes that pause down food. Muscles of your tummy mix the food with these digestive juices.
Pancreas. Your pancreas makes a digestive juice that has enzymes that break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The pancreas delivers the digestive juice to the small intestine through small tubes called ducts.
Liver. Your liver makes a digestive juice called bile that helps digest fats and some vitamins. Bile ducts carry bile from your liver to your gallbladder for storage, or to the small-scale intestine for apply.
Gallbladder. Your gallbladder stores bile betwixt meals. When you consume, your gallbladder squeezes bile through the bile ducts into your small intestine.
Small intestine. Your small intestine makes digestive juice, which mixes with bile and pancreatic juice to complete the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. Bacteria in your small intestine make some of the enzymes you lot need to assimilate carbohydrates. Your modest intestine moves water from your bloodstream into your GI tract to help break downwardly food. Your pocket-size intestine also absorbs h2o with other nutrients.
Large intestine. In your large intestine, more water moves from your GI tract into your bloodstream. Leaner in your large intestine help break downward remaining nutrients and make vitamin Yard. Waste product products of digestion, including parts of food that are still too large, become stool.
What happens to the digested nutrient?
The pocket-size intestine absorbs most of the nutrients in your food, and your circulatory system passes them on to other parts of your body to shop or use. Special cells help absorbed nutrients cross the intestinal lining into your bloodstream. Your blood carries simple sugars, amino acids, glycerol, and some vitamins and salts to the liver. Your liver stores, processes, and delivers nutrients to the rest of your torso when needed.
The lymph system, a network of vessels that behave white blood cells and a fluid chosen lymph throughout your body to fight infection, absorbs fatty acids and vitamins.
Your torso uses sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, and glycerol to build substances y'all need for energy, growth, and prison cell repair.
How does my body command the digestive process?
Your hormones and nerves work together to help command the digestive procedure. Signals period within your GI tract and back and forth from your GI tract to your encephalon.
Hormones
Cells lining your stomach and modest intestine make and release hormones that control how your digestive system works. These hormones tell your trunk when to make digestive juices and transport signals to your brain that you lot are hungry or full. Your pancreas likewise makes hormones that are important to digestion.
Nerves
You have nerves that connect your fundamental nervous organization—your brain and spinal cord—to your digestive system and control some digestive functions. For case, when you come across or smell food, your brain sends a signal that causes your salivary glands to "make your mouth h2o" to fix y'all to consume.
You also have an enteric nervous system (ENS)—fretfulness within the walls of your GI tract. When nutrient stretches the walls of your GI tract, the fretfulness of your ENS release many different substances that speed upward or filibuster the motility of nutrient and the product of digestive juices. The nerves ship signals to control the actions of your gut muscles to contract and relax to button nutrient through your intestines.
Clinical Trials
The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) and other components of the National Institutes of Wellness (NIH) conduct and back up research into many diseases and conditions.
What are clinical trials, and are they right for you lot?
Sentinel a video of NIDDK Managing director Dr. Griffin P. Rodgers explaining the importance of participating in clinical trials.
What clinical trials are open up?
Clinical trials that are currently open and are recruiting can exist viewed at www.ClinicalTrials.gov.
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